Madrugar means to wake up early in the morning, often to start work or engage in activities before the usual time. It is used to describe the action of getting up early.
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El Presente - used to talk about situations, events or thoughts that are happening now or in the near future
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Example | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yo | madrugo | Yo madrugo para llegar temprano. I get up early to arrive on time. | |
| Tú | madrugas | Tú madrugas los fines de semana. You wake up early on weekends. | |
| Él / Ella / Usted | madruga | Ella madruga para ir al trabajo. She gets up early to go to work. | |
| Nosotros / Nosotras | madrugamos | Nosotros madrugamos en verano. We get up early in summer. | |
| Vosotros / Vosotras | madrugáis | Vosotros madrugáis mucho. You all wake up early. | |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | madrugan | Ellos madrugan para entrenar. They get up early to train. |
El Pretérito Indefinido - used to talk about actions completed in the past, at a specific point in time
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Example | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yo | madrugué | Ayer madrugué para llegar temprano. Yesterday I woke up early to arrive on time. | |
| Tú | madrugaste | Tú madrugaste mucho ayer. You woke up early yesterday. | |
| Él / Ella / Usted | madrugó | Él madrugó para ir al trabajo. He woke up early to go to work. | |
| Nosotros / Nosotras | madrugamos | Nosotros madrugamos durante las vacaciones. We woke up early during the holidays. | |
| Vosotros / Vosotras | madrugasteis | Vosotros madrugasteis para ver el amanecer. You all woke up early to see the sunrise. | |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | madrugaron | Ellos madrugaron para ir a la playa. They woke up early to go to the beach. |
El Pretérito Imperfecto - used to describe regular and repeated actions that happened in the past
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Example | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yo | madrugaba | Yo madrugaba para estudiar antes de clases. I used to wake up early to study before classes. | |
| Tú | madrugabas | Tú madrugabas para ir al trabajo. You used to wake up early to go to work. | |
| Él / Ella / Usted | madrugaba | Ella madrugaba todos los días. She used to wake up early every day. | |
| Nosotros / Nosotras | madrugábamos | Nosotros madrugábamos para ir a la playa. We used to wake up early to go to the beach. | |
| Vosotros / Vosotras | madrugabais | Vosotros madrugabais para llegar a tiempo. You all used to wake up early to arrive on time. | |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | madrugaban | Ellos madrugaban para hacer ejercicio. They used to wake up early to exercise. |
El Presente Progresivo - used to talk about something that is happening continuously or right now
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Example | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yo | estoy madrugando | Estoy madrugando para llegar a tiempo. I am getting up early to arrive on time. | |
| Tú | estás madrugando | ¿Estás madrugando hoy? Are you getting up early today? | |
| Él / Ella / Usted | está madrugando | Ella está madrugando para ir al trabajo. She is getting up early to go to work. | |
| Nosotros / Nosotras | estamos madrugando | Estamos madrugando para salir temprano. We are getting up early to leave early. | |
| Vosotros / Vosotras | estáis madrugando | Vosotros estáis madrugando mucho últimamente. You all are getting up early a lot lately. | |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | están madrugando | Ellos están madrugando para terminar a tiempo. They are getting up early to finish on time. |
El Futuro Próximo - used to talk about something that will happen in the future, especially in the near future
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Example | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yo | voy a madrugar | Voy a madrugar mañana para estudiar. I am going to wake up early tomorrow to study. | |
| Tú | vas a madrugar | ¿Vas a madrugar el domingo? Are you going to wake up early on Sunday? | |
| Él / Ella / Usted | va a madrugar | Ella va a madrugar para llegar a tiempo. She is going to wake up early to arrive on time. | |
| Nosotros / Nosotras | vamos a madrugar | Vamos a madrugar para ir a la playa. We are going to wake up early to go to the beach. | |
| Vosotros / Vosotras | vais a madrugar | Vosotros vais a madrugar para el viaje. You all are going to wake up early for the trip. | |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | van a madrugar | Ellos van a madrugar para el trabajo. They are going to wake up early for work. |
El Futuro Simple - used to talk about something that will happen in the future
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Example | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yo | madrugaré | Madrugaré para llegar a tiempo. I will wake up early to arrive on time. | |
| Tú | madrugarás | Tú madrugarás mañana para estudiar. You will wake up early tomorrow to study. | |
| Él / Ella / Usted | madrugará | Él madrugará para ir al trabajo. He will wake up early to go to work. | |
| Nosotros / Nosotras | madrugaremos | Nosotros madrugaremos para visitar el parque. We will wake up early to visit the park. | |
| Vosotros / Vosotras | madrugaréis | Vosotros madrugaréis para el viaje. You all will wake up early for the trip. | |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | madrugarán | Ellos madrugarán para llegar a tiempo. They will wake up early to arrive on time. |
El Condicional Simple - used to talk about something that may happen in the future, hypothesis and probabilities
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Example | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yo | madrugaría | Yo madrugaría si tuviera que trabajar temprano. I would wake up early if I had to work early. | |
| Tú | madrugarías | Tú madrugarías más si vivieras cerca del trabajo. You would wake up earlier if you lived closer to work. | |
| Él / Ella / Usted | madrugaría | Él madrugaría para aprovechar el día. He would wake up early to make the most of the day. | |
| Nosotros / Nosotras | madrugaríamos | Nosotros madrugaríamos si hubiera una reunión importante. We would wake up early if there was an important meeting. | |
| Vosotros / Vosotras | madrugaríais | Vosotros madrugaríais para ir a la playa. You all would wake up early to go to the beach. | |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | madrugarían | Ellos madrugarían si el concierto fuera temprano. They would wake up early if the concert was early. |
El Pretérito Perfecto - used to describe actions that started recently and are still happening now
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Example | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yo | me he madrugado | Me he madrugado para llegar temprano. I have gotten up early to arrive on time. | |
| Tú | te has madrugado | ¿Te has madrugado hoy? Have you gotten up early today? | |
| Él / Ella / Usted | se ha madrugado | Ella se ha madrugado para estudiar. She has gotten up early to study. | |
| Nosotros / Nosotras | nos hemos madrugado | Nos hemos madrugado para ir de excursión. We have gotten up early to go on a trip. | |
| Vosotros / Vosotras | os habéis madrugado | ¿Os habéis madrugado para el trabajo? Have you all gotten up early for work? | |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | se han madrugado | Ellos se han madrugado para comenzar a trabajar. They have gotten up early to start working. |
El Pretérito Pluscuamperfecto - used to talk about actions that happened before another action in the past
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Example | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yo | había madrugado | Yo ya había madrugado cuando llegaste. I had already gotten up early when you arrived. | |
| Tú | habías madrugado | Tú habías madrugado antes de salir. You had gotten up early before leaving. | |
| Él / Ella / Usted | había madrugado | Ella había madrugado para estudiar. She had gotten up early to study. | |
| Nosotros / Nosotras | habíamos madrugado | Nosotros habíamos madrugado para ir al trabajo. We had gotten up early to go to work. | |
| Vosotros / Vosotras | habíais madrugado | Vosotros habíais madrugado para llegar a tiempo. You all had gotten up early to arrive on time. | |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | habían madrugado | Ellos habían madrugado para visitar el museo. They had gotten up early to visit the museum. |
El Futuro Perfecto - used to talk about something that will have happened in the future after something else
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Example | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yo | habré madrugado | Para entonces, ya habré madrugado. By then, I will have woken up early. | |
| Tú | habrás madrugado | Para las ocho, habrás madrugado. By eight o'clock, you will have woken up early. | |
| Él / Ella / Usted | habrá madrugado | Ella habrá madrugado antes de salir. She will have woken up early before leaving. | |
| Nosotros / Nosotras | habremos madrugado | Nosotros habremos madrugado para llegar a tiempo. We will have woken up early to arrive on time. | |
| Vosotros / Vosotras | habréis madrugado | Vosotros habréis madrugado para entonces. You all will have woken up early by then. | |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | habrán madrugado | Ellos habrán madrugado antes de que amanezca. They will have woken up early before dawn. |
El Condicional Perfecto - used to talk about something that would have happened in the past but didn't
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Example | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yo | habría madrugado | Yo habría madrugado si hubiera tenido tiempo. I would have gotten up early if I had had time. | |
| Tú | habrías madrugado | Tú habrías madrugado para llegar a tiempo. You would have gotten up early to arrive on time. | |
| Él / Ella / Usted | habría madrugado | Él habría madrugado si no hubiera dormido tarde. He would have gotten up early if he hadn't gone to bed late. | |
| Nosotros / Nosotras | habríamos madrugado | Nosotros habríamos madrugado para evitar el tráfico. We would have gotten up early to avoid traffic. | |
| Vosotros / Vosotras | habríais madrugado | Vosotros habríais madrugado si hubierais sabido. You all would have gotten up early if you had known. | |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | habrían madrugado | Ellos habrían madrugado si no hubiera llovido. They would have gotten up early if it hadn't rained. |
El Presente de Subjuntivo - used to talk about situations of uncertainty, or emotions such as wishes, desires and hopes
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Example | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yo | madrugue | Espero que yo madrugue mañana. I hope that I wake up early tomorrow. | |
| Tú | madrugues | Es importante que tú madrugues hoy. It's important that you wake up early today. | |
| Él / Ella / Usted | madrugue | Es bueno que él madrugue para estudiar. It's good that he wakes up early to study. | |
| Nosotros / Nosotras | madruguemos | Queremos que nosotros madruguemos mañana. We want us to wake up early tomorrow. | |
| Vosotros / Vosotras | madruguéis | Espero que vosotros madruguéis para el viaje. I hope that you all wake up early for the trip. | |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | madruguen | Es posible que ellos madruguen antes de salir. It's possible that they wake up early before leaving. |
El Imperfecto Subjuntivo - used to speak about unlikely or uncertain events in the past
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Example | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yo | madrugara | Esperaba que él madrugara más. I hoped that he woke up earlier. | |
| Tú | madrugaras | No creía que tú madrugaras tan temprano. I didn't believe that you woke up so early. | |
| Él / Ella / Usted | madrugara | Era importante que ella madrugara para llegar a tiempo. It was important that she woke up early to arrive on time. | |
| Nosotros / Nosotras | madrugáramos | Deseábamos que nosotros madrugáramos más. We wished that we woke up earlier. | |
| Vosotros / Vosotras | madrugarais | Me sorprendió que vosotros madrugarais tan temprano. I was surprised that you all woke up so early. | |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | madrugaran | No pensaba que ellos madrugaran en domingo. I didn't think that they woke up early on Sunday. |
El Futuro de Subjuntivo - used to speak about hypothetical situations and actions/events that may happen in the future
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Example | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yo | madrugare | Si mañana madrugare, llegaré temprano. If I wake up early tomorrow, I will arrive early. | |
| Tú | madrugares | Cuando madrugares, podrás evitar el tráfico. When you wake up early, you can avoid traffic. | |
| Él / Ella / Usted | madrugare | Es posible que madrugare para estudiar más. He/She/You might wake up early to study more. | |
| Nosotros / Nosotras | madrugáremos | Nosotros madrugáremos si hay que trabajar temprano. We will wake up early if we have to work early. | |
| Vosotros / Vosotras | madrugareis | Vosotros madrugareis para llegar a tiempo. You all will wake up early to arrive on time. | |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | madrugaren | Ellos madrugaren si quieren terminar pronto. They will wake up early if they want to finish soon. |
El Pretérito Perfecto de Subjuntivo - used to describe past actions still connected to the present
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Example | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yo | haya madrugado | Espero que haya madrugado para llegar a tiempo. I hope I have gotten up early to arrive on time. | |
| Tú | hayas madrugado | Es posible que hayas madrugado hoy. It's possible that you have gotten up early today. | |
| Él / Ella / Usted | haya madrugado | Es bueno que él haya madrugado para estudiar. It's good that he has gotten up early to study. | |
| Nosotros / Nosotras | hayamos madrugado | Esperamos que hayamos madrugado suficiente. We hope that we have gotten up early enough. | |
| Vosotros / Vosotras | hayáis madrugado | Me alegra que hayáis madrugado para el viaje. I'm glad that you all have gotten up early for the trip. | |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hayan madrugado | No creo que hayan madrugado todavía. I don't think they have gotten up early yet. |
El Pretérito Pluscuamperfecto de Subjuntivo - used to speak about hypothetical situations in the past
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Example | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yo | hubiera madrugado | Si hubiera madrugado, habría llegado a tiempo. If I had gotten up early, I would have arrived on time. | |
| Tú | hubieras madrugado | Si hubieras madrugado, no habrías perdido el autobús. If you had gotten up early, you wouldn't have missed the bus. | |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiera madrugado | Ella habría madrugado si hubiera sabido la hora. She would have gotten up early if she had known the time. | |
| Nosotros / Nosotras | hubiéramos madrugado | Si hubiéramos madrugado, habríamos evitado el problema. If we had gotten up early, we would have avoided the problem. | |
| Vosotros / Vosotras | hubierais madrugado | Si hubierais madrugado, habríais llegado antes. If you all had gotten up early, you would have arrived earlier. | |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieran madrugado | Ellos habrían madrugado si hubieran tenido tiempo. They would have gotten up early if they had had time. |
El Futuro Perfecto de Subjuntivo - used to speak about something that will have happened if a hypothetical situation occurs
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Example | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yo | hubiere madrugado | Cuando llegue, ya hubiere madrugado. When I arrive, I will have already gotten up early. | |
| Tú | hubieres madrugado | Para entonces, tú hubieres madrugado. By then, you will have already gotten up early. | |
| Él / Ella / Usted | hubiere madrugado | Es posible que él hubiere madrugado. It is possible that he will have gotten up early. | |
| Nosotros / Nosotras | hubiéremos madrugado | Quizá nosotros hubiéremos madrugado ya. Perhaps we will have already gotten up early. | |
| Vosotros / Vosotras | hubiereis madrugado | Para entonces, vosotros hubiereis madrugado. By then, you all will have gotten up early. | |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | hubieren madrugado | Es probable que ellos hubieren madrugado. It is likely that they will have gotten up early. |
El Imperativo Afirmativo - used to give orders and commands, to tell someone to do something
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Example | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yo | — | No uses el imperativo en primera persona. Do not use the imperative in the first person. | |
| Tú | madruga | ¡Madruga para llegar a tiempo! Wake up early to arrive on time! | |
| Él / Ella / Usted | madrugue | Por favor, madrugue mañana. Please wake up early tomorrow. | |
| Nosotros / Nosotras | madruguemos | Madruguemos para terminar antes. Let's wake up early to finish sooner. | |
| Vosotros / Vosotras | madrugad | ¡Madrugad para aprovechar el día! Wake up early to make the most of the day! | |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | madruguen | Que madruguen mañana sin falta. They should wake up early tomorrow without fail. |
El Imperativo Negativo - used to give orders and commands, telling someone not to do something
| Pronoun | Conjugation | Example | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|
| Yo | no madrugo | No madrugo para evitar el tráfico. Don't wake up early to avoid traffic. | |
| Tú | no madrugues | No madrugues los fines de semana. Don't wake up early on weekends. | |
| Él / Ella / Usted | no madrugue | Por favor, no madrugue hoy. Please, don't wake up early today. | |
| Nosotros / Nosotras | no madruguemos | No madruguemos para descansar más. Let's not wake up early to rest more. | |
| Vosotros / Vosotras | no madruguéis | No madruguéis para no molestar. Don't wake up early to avoid bothering. | |
| Ellos / Ellas / Ustedes | no madruguen | Que no madruguen mañana. Let them not wake up early tomorrow. |
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